Calculating machine



y 1938- G. J. M. BISTER 2,119,003

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 28; 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Gvxmm n JDSHn Marl Q. Bis'hr l N VE NTo E,

May 31, 1938. G. J. M. BISTER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 28 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVEN OR.

y 1938. G. J. M. BISTER 1 2,119,003

CALCULAT I NG MACHINE Filed May 28, 1955 Y 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Germm in Tus+in Kane Busl'er mvtNroe 2 WML *KL. ATTY.

Patented May 31, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application May 28, 1935, Serial No. 23,816

In France April 16, 1935 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in calculating machines, more particularly of the type disclosed in Letters Patent No. 1,336,904 to Hopkins in which, as in calculating machines 5 generally, multiplication is efiected as follows:

a. If desired, the first of the factors of the operation are recorded on paper by means of the keyboard of a typewriter or of the addition keyboard of the calculating machine;

b. The keys corresponding to the numerals of the other factor are actuated on the addition keyboard of the calculating machine;

0. The multiplication key (key 1:) is operated as well as the clutch control bar of the machine;

d. The keys corresponding to the numerals of the first factor are actuated on the multiplication keyboard.

Recording of the first factor which is necessary to avoid errors cannot, thus, be eifected except 50 by means of operation a which is independent of the operations b, c, d of the multiplication proper and which necessitates repetition, either on'the typewriter or on the calculating machine, of one of the factors and the actuation likewise of the appropriate keys of the numerals in this factor.

' The principal object of the present invention is to effect recording of the second factor of the multiplication by operation of a single member,-

such recording being wholly optional. A calculating machine enabling the above objects to be effected has the features described in the following description and set forth in the claims annexed to the end thereof. 4

A calculating machine according .to the invention is illustrated by way of example on the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Fig. l is a diagrammatic side elevation of the whole machine.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic plan of the machine. Fig. 3 is a'plan of the operating mechanism of the bars of the intermediate keyboard.

Fig. 4 is a partial plan of this operating mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a partial sectional elevation on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an elevation showing the intermediate keyboard and the mechanism returning it to zero.

Fig. '7 is a side view of the mechanism actuated by a key of the addition keyboard. m Fig. 8 is a side view of the mechanism actuated by a key of the multiplication keyboard.

Fig. 9 is a side view of the mechanism operated by the multiplier keys and controlling the contrivance returning the intermediate keyboard to 55 zero, and

Fig. 10 is a side view of the members operating this contrivance for returning to zero.

Fig. 11 is a side view of the members of the contrivance for returning to zero in the disengaging position.

Fig. 12 is an edge view of the vertical sliding bar.

The calculating machine illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises, in the known manner, a main frame I on which are mounted 10 the various mechanisms of the calculating machine and on which an ordinary typewriter 2 is mounted.

The sheet of paper 3, Fig. 1, is wrapped about a roller 4 and is located above an inking ribbon 5, 15 which is arranged to receive the inscriptions from the types of the calculating machine I, as well as from those of the typewriter 2.

The characters of the typewriter are actuated independently of the calculating machine by the 20 keys 1 I I of the typewriter keyboard, the keys in .turn actuating the type bars 230 in a well known manner.

The characters 6, 6 ii 6 of the calculating machine are slidingly mounted in the cal- 25 culating members such as the racks 8 8 8 each of which carries a series of 10 characters.

The racks are arranged in parallelism lengthwise of the machine and are slidable in the frame I. 30

Arranged below the series of racks 8 --8 is a series of impact members 9 9 each of which acts on one of the corresponding characters carried by the racks and produces the record- L ing of this character on the roller 4. As will be more fully hereinafter explained, the position of each rack at the moment 'of the actuation of the impact member is determined by the manipulation of the keys l6, l8 of the machine.

The advance of the racks 8 as well as the actuation of the striking members 9, are effected by a driving mechanism comprising a constantly running electro-motor l0.

A clutch l 1 controlled by the vertical displacement of a clutch finger ll may render the shaft 0 I0 of the motor I0 rigid with a crank 13, the latter entraining an oscillatory shaft I! through the intermediary of a connecting rod I4. The vertical displacement of the clutch finger Ii is controlled (a) in part by means of a clutch key 15 through the intermediary of a bent lever I5 pivoted at I! on the frame and actuating a bar 42 an inclined part 42 of which engages a projection H of the clutch finger II and (b) in part by the keys l6 of the multiplication keyboard as hereinafter more fully explained.

The machine also comprises the usual transversely displaceable carriage I! which carries a series of vertically slidable pins ||1 controlling racks 8 -8 Arranged above the racks 8 ---8 in a fixed frame 8 is another series of pins 9 which are vertically slidable in frame 8 and in their elevated positions are displaceable in the path of travel of abutments I08 I08 carried by the racks 8 -8 v The position of the pins ||'l of the movable -.arriage I1 is controlled in well-known manner by the keys ||3|8 of the addition keyboard l8 through the intermediary of levers 22 entraining the movable slides ---20 the. upper ends ofwhich cause vertical sliding movement of the pins III (Fig. 1). The vertical pins in turn, control the displacement of the calculating members, such as the racks 8 8 through the intermediary of pins I I9 which form' stops at the desired points for the abutments I08 of the racks 8 ...8 (Fig.1).

According to the present invention, the multiplication keyboard l6 itself also controls the pin carriage I? in such a manner as to effect in addition to its ordinary function of multiplier, an optional control function which enables the inscription of the multiplier on the sheet of paper to be effected at will. In consequence, any error of manipulation is immediately detected without it being necessary to make complementary calculations.

For the above purpose, movable slides 20, 20 2'0 20 whichare actuated by the addi tion keyboard l8, are also actuated by the multiplication keyboard 86, in such a manner that a number can be composed in the pin carriage I! either by means of the addition keyboard |8 or by means of the multiplication keyboard I6.

The movable slides 20, 20 20 20 consist (Fig. 5) of vertical elbowed rods, which bear under the influence of returning springs 2| on the ends of rocking levers 22 to 22.

These rocking levers 22' are actuated by the keys |8 of the addition keyboard in such a manner that when one of the keys |8 I8 is depressed, the corresponding movable slide 20 20 is displaced in the direction f in order to actuate a pin of the pin carriage I'I.

Each movable slide 20 to 20 has a sliding head 23 connected to the respective slide .20 by pins I24 I24 and slots I 25 |25 and returning spring 26. This sliding head 23 can be actuated independently of the corresponding slide 20 by the action of the keys |6 |6 of the multiplication keyboard. This arrangement enables on the one hand friction and resistance in transmission to be reduced to a minimum, and on the other hand the body of each slide 20 to remain in contact with the respective rocking lever 22. The permanent contact of the bent rod' 20 with the rocking lever 22 assures the following ad- 20 20 is actuated by the corresponding key of the multiplication keyboard I6. For this purpose, bars 24, 24 24 24 displaced in the direction f (Fig. 8) by the depression of the keys |6, I6 I6 have on one of their faces a spur 25 (Figs. 5 and 8) against which is applied the arni 26 of a bellcrank 26. The other arm 26 of this bellcrank 26 is connected by-an adjustable cord 21 to one end of a rocking le ver28. v

The several rocking levers 28, 28 28 are pivoted on a spindle 29 in common and are suitably bent in such a manner as to apply themselves respectively against the sliding head 23 of the corresponding movable slide 20,20 20 (Fig. 51)

The carriage I! as moved in the direction of the arrow f (Fig. 6) by a spring 30" and returned to its initial position by the toothed segment on shaft 55. This carriage isadvanced step by step by the action of a detent 3| the nose of which engages with a toothed rack 32 of the carriage. The advance of the carriage 33 tooth by tooth enables such carriage to bring successively the rows of pins of the pin carriage ll over the line along which are locatedthe sliding heads 23 of the movable slides, 20 20 (Fig. l).

In order toadvance automatically the carriage 33 of the pin carriage, the detent 3| influenced by its returning spring 34, is raised by a vertical sliding bar 35, (the vertical bar 35, drawn by a returning spring 31, can be actuated by all the rocking levers 22, 22 22 01' the addition keyboard I8 (Fig. 6)).

According to the invention, the multiplication keyboard I6 itself controls the advance of the pin carriage IT. A transmission enables the keys 5 of the multiplication keyboard to actuate the detent 3| of the pin carriage II. This transmission is constructed in the following manner:

The sliding bars 24, 24 24 24 entrained in the direction f on depression of the correspondingkey |6, I6 l6 of the multiplication keyboard, displace a single shutter 38 (Fig. 9) arranged above the row of these sliding bars 24.

The shutter 38, which is horizontally arranged and may oscillate at its lower part, carries laterally at its upper part a projection 40 engaging a notch 4| in the bar 42, which controls the clutch H of the motor (Figs. 9 and 10). The bar 42 carries at its end a spur 43 such that on being displaced in the direction 1 this spur slides along a ramp of a lever 44, which oscillates in the direction f The lever 44 is connected by a link 45 to a rocking lever 46 pivoted on the frame of the machine, by a pivot 41, eccentric for adjustment. The free end of the lever 46 engages the projection 48' of a movable head 48 carried by the end of the vertical sliding bar 35.

The movable head 48 is connected to the vertical bar through a'sliding assembly comprising the studs 49 49 carried by the movable head 48 .and engaging in the grooves 50 50 formed in the vertical bar 35. A retractile spring 49 interposed between a stud 49 of the movable head 48 and the vertical bar 35 tends to draw the movablehead 48 downwardly (Figs. 6 andlO).

The foregoing arrangement provides a particularly flexible actuation of the transmission and enables the vertical bar 35 to be actuated by any one of the rocking levers 22.

Moreover in calculating machines of the type described, at every actuation of the driving block 52 carried by a mechanism, such mechanism operates a contrivance for returning to zero the pin carriage I! in such a manner as to permit the composition of a fresh number in the keyboard.

Now it is important that the pin carriage should remain in its successive positions when it is actuatedbythe multiplication keyboard, notwithstanding that this keyboard efiects the actuation of the clutching of the motor.

For the above purpose, the main oscillating spindle l2 carries an oscillating lever 50 the end M of which engages at each oscillation with a rack 53. The rack 53 gears with a toothed sector 54 carried by a vertical shaft 55. A second toothed sector 56 gears with a rack 51 fast with the frame carriage II.

In existing machines at each clutching of the driving mechanism, the oscillating lever 50 on coming into engagement with the block 52 brings back the pin carriage ,to normal.

According tothe invention, a declutching mechanism actuated by the multiplication key- 33 of the pin board It prevents the oscillating lever 30 from displacing the rack 53 and, in consequence, prevents the return to zero of the pin carriage l1. The declutching mechanism of the present invention is controlled by the lock which blocks the keyboard of the typewriter 2.

This lock of the typewriter (Fig. 9) consists in the usual manner of a comb 58 the teeth of e which are placed. beneath the key levers of the keyboard I and thus oppose such keys.

The comb 58 can be actuated by a transmission of oscillating levers 59 59 slide 60 and sliding bar 6l.- This sliding and elbowed bar BI is drawn in the direction I" by a stud 62 on the clutching blade 42 (Fig. 1; Fig. 10), which is itself actuated each time a key of the multiplication keyboard is depressed, as has been explained above.

The elbowed sliding bar 6|. carries a pivoted lock 63 which hooks itself by a toothed portion 64 on a fixed abutment 55' (Fig.' 9), in such a manner that'such lock 63 holds the elbowed bar the depression of 6| in its position blocking the keyboard 1 of the whereby the elbowed bar typewriter 2.

At the end of the oscillation of the driving shaft I2, an abutment stud 65 actuated by the driving mechanism through any suitable lever arrangement (not shown), applies itself against the tall 66 of the lock 63 and causes the latter to oscillate in the direction of the arrow f", BI is freed. The lock of the typewriter returns to its initial position freeing the keyboard I of the typewriter.

According to the invention, the elbowed bar 6| carries a driving spur 10 (Fig. 9) against which rests the end of a lever ll, keyed on a shaft 12.- When the elbowed bar 6| is displaced in the direction 1 the spur 10 makes the lever 1i oscillate in the direction i A second lever 13 is keyed on the shaft 12 and oscillates with the first lever II. This second lever 13 actuates an oscillating cam 14 which itself actuates the declutching mechanism of the device returning the pin carriage to normal.

The cam 14 oscillates on a fixed shaft 15 and has a profile or slideway I6 which is normally concentric with the main shaft II on which oscil- When the cam II is displaced in the direction I by the lever 13, the slideway 16 approaches the shaft I2 so that the lever 50 in oscillating in the direction 1 causes the finger TI to slide in the direction f Such finger 11 then passes over the block 52 (Fig. 11) and the mechanism for returning the pin carriage I! to normal is not actuated.

To sum up, the improvements in the calculating machine provided by the present invention enables the operator to imprint at will the multiplier before imprinting the product obtained, which enables immediate checking of the operation.

What is claimed is:

1. In a calculating machine, an addition keyboard comprising keys from 0 to 9, a multiplica tion keyboard comprising keys from 0 to 9, a pin carriage controlled by either of said keyboards and'adapted to receive item settings, a stationary pin field controlled by said pin carriage, movable racks controlled by pins of said pin field, type elements carried by said racks, a platen, printing hammers and means for cycling the machine, whereby an item set up by either the addition keyboard or the multiplication keyboard is printed during a cycle of operation of the machine.

2. In a calculating machine, an addition keyboard comprising keys from 0 to 9, a multiplication keyboard comprising keys from'oto 9, a pin carriage movable from normal position to a position corresponding to the number of keys in the item set, said pin carriage being controlled by. either said addition keyboard or multiplication keyboard, a stationary pin field controlled by said pin carriage, movable racks controlled by pins of said pin field, type elements carried by the said racks, a platen, printing hammers and means for cycling the machine, whereby an item set up by either the said addition keyboard or the multiplication keyboard is printed during a cycle of operation of the machine, means for restoring the pin carriage to normal, actuated by said cycling means, and means for disabling said restoring means, said disabling means being controlled from the multiplication keyboard. 1 v

3. In a calculating machine, an addition key.- board comprising keys from 0 to 9, a multiplication keyboard comprising keys from 0 to 9, a plurality of movable slides, each of said slides being controlled by the keys of the said addition keyboard, said movable slides comprising sliding heads, transmission means controlled by the keys I of the multiplication keyboard and actuating the said sliding heads of the movable slides, a pin carriage controlled by either of said keyboards and adapted to receive item settings, a stationary pin field controlled by the said pin carriage, movable racks controlled by pins of said stationary field, type elements carried by the said racks, a

platen, printing hammers and means for cycling the machine, whereby anitem set up by either the addition'keyboard or multiplication keyboard is printed during a cycle of operation of the machine.

4. In a calculating machine, an addition keyboard comprising keys from 0 to 9, a multiplication keyboard comprising keys from 0 to 9, a pin carriage controlled by either of said keyboards, and adapted to receive item settings, a yieldable element for advancing the pin carriage, a looking pawl controlling the displacement of the said pin carriage, a vertical sliding bar controlled by the keys of said addition keyboard and actuating the said locking pawl, said vertical sliding bar the eeiel rocks, a platen, printing hammers means tor cycling the machine, whereby an item set tip Toy either the addition keyboard or the miii= keyiooei'tl is painted cluriog a cycle of opetetioii of the machine.

5. o. a, maolrfine of the class tlesoi'lloetl a ty1oe= mite? em addition keyboard. ooe U log t to 9, mullti zi ioetion keylsoaiui eompilsing; keys from ii to 9, a oei'rioge HOV- able from normal position to a position correspoofing to the number of keys in the item sold oerriag'e being; controlled by the mltfitiozi keyboard or the multiplication eyizoarcl, a

field oontrollecl by iiiovolole controlled by k mo liel'tl, elements by said motto,

oiioooo platen, piloting hammers, and means for cycling the moolilne, whereby on item set up by either the addition keyboard @l the multiplication keyboard is minted aiming at cycle of operation of the maohine, means for motoring the pin carriage to noimol, oommislne' at ti'onsmission piovidetlwith toothed sectors, moi: on abutment log; on osoillotiiig level ootitoteol Toy soicl cycling-,- means, a s itlolole pawl by the soici oscillating lever, ea-lcl omit mozmolly egaging the said abutment log and restoiilig the i lltiiifflill, an osoillat with said 169ml and etleiite l to displace some upon the osolll leg lever, wl ei'eloy pawl new be clieobleel l'rom solo lug, looking means 201' thetmrewz terizeylooem remietetl effective ssion of molt alioatloo keys, a system of tiotlletecl levers, the latter laeliig controlled by ti loo l stem of levers sh log eat-lo El (tie and nminteinmg the some poo pawl.

HE JUSTIN 

